Zinc Finger Proteins in Colorectal and Breast Cancer: Diagnostic, Prognostic, and Therapeutic Approaches with a Current Literature Review

Abstract

Cancer is one of the leading causes of death worldwide and poses a significant burden on healthcare systems. ZFPs play crucial roles in regulating gene expression and are involved in key processes in cancer biology. This study examines the molecular functions of ZFPs in colorectal and breast cancers and their potential as therapeutic targets. In colorectal cancer, ZFP36 acts as a tumor suppressor, while ZFPs such as ZNF143, ZNF460, ZNF677, ZNF281, and ZNF384 regulate processes such as cell proliferation, metastasis, epithelial-mesenchymal transition (EMT), and drug resistance. In breast cancer, ZFPs like ZEB1, ZNF703, and ZBTB33 are directly associated with tumor progression, treatment resistance, and poor prognosis. Clinical and experimental data indicate that these proteins are considered crucial biomarkers and targets in diagnostic and therapeutic strategies. The functional and structural diversity of ZFPs deepens the molecular understanding of cancer and provides a strong foundation for personalized medical approaches